Autism spectrum test reddit4/24/2024 ![]() The participants were all from special education schools and were diagnosed with ASD, according to the DSM-IV criteria, by a senior pediatric psychiatrist or neurologist. The ASD group (6–18 years) was selected from members enrolled in a national epidemiological study of ASD in China, which was supported by the National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China (201302002). The study was conducted from January to July 2017, with participants drawn from three samples. Hence, the current study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the ASRS and SRS when used in ID cases and to estimate and compare their screening accuracy for ASD in individuals with ID. Our previous study showed that both the ASRS and SRS have excellent psychometric properties in screening for children with ASD in the general Chinese population, and that further studies are necessary to determine their suitability for children with other developmental neurological disorders, particularly ID. The ASRS and SRS are widely used autistic assessment instruments for ASD screening in epidemiological surveys. The psychometric properties of these instruments in the general population have been systematically evaluated and validated in epidemiological studies for ASD screening across different cultures, while the research regarding screening accuracy in ID population is limited and involves limited instruments. The screening instruments available for 6- to 18-year-old children and adolescents include the Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS), the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS), the Autism Behavior Checklist, the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire, and the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). Evaluation instruments are believed to play crucial roles in screening and diagnosis. ![]() However, the diagnosis of ASD still depends on the behaviors evaluated based on the ASD core symptoms, lacking objective biological markers. ![]() Thus, early screening and diagnosis for ASD in the ID population is of utmost importance. Moreover, a lack of ASD-related intervention strongly influences the prognoses of these children. Children with ASD and ID together have been described as having more severe social and communication impairments, more adaptive deficits, and more long-term challenging behaviors than those with either ASD or ID alone. However, an ASD diagnosis in children with ID is often delayed or missed, and some are not even recognized until adulthood. Up to 70% of the ASD population has some level of ID, and researchers have suggested that ~40% of ID cases fulfill the ASD diagnostic criteria. ĭespite the heterogeneity of ASD and ID, they exist together in most patients. Patients with ID share the features of cognitive defect, adaptive deficits, and below average intellectual functioning (IQ < 70), affecting 1%–3% of the population. According to the latest studies, the prevalence has been steadily increasing, and the global prevalence is estimated to be 0.1%–3%. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5 (DSM-5), ASD is now considered to be a spectrum disorder characterized by impairments in social communication and interaction, restricted and repetitive behaviors (RRBs), and narrow interests. The results showed that individuals with ID had clear autistic traits and discriminating ASD from ID cases was quite challenging, while assessment tools such as ASRS and SRS, help to some degree.Īutism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) are the most common childhood neurodevelopmental disorders, and are difficult to differentiate. Receiver operating characteristic analyses demonstrated a similar fair performance in discriminating ASD from ID with the ASRS (area under the curve (AUC) = 0.709, sensitivity = 77.0%, specificity = 52.1%, positive predictive value (PPV) = 82.2%) and the SRS (AUC = 0.742, sensitivity = 59.8%, specificity = 77.5%, PPV = 88.4%). ![]() The results showed that the ID group scored significantly lower on total and subscale scores than the ASD group on both scales ( P < 0.05) but higher than TD children ( P < 0.05). Therefore, we recruited the parents/caregivers of 204 ASD cases, 71 ID cases aged 6–18 years from special education schools, and 402 typically developing (TD) children in the same age span from a community-based population to complete the ASRS and SRS. The Autism Spectrum Rating Scale (ASRS) and the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) have been widely used for screening autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the general population during epidemiological studies, but studies of individuals with intellectual disability (ID) are quite limited.
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